Descriptive Essay Today Is Sad - 1134 Words

Today is different. Today is sad. I remember the last day of 8th grade as if it was a week ago. I arose with this awfully unsettling feeling in my stomach, something I’d never felt before. It wasn’t guilt or sadness; it was something else entirely, like some sort of combination of sadness and happiness. Walking downstairs, I realize today is the last time I will need to walk up this early for weeks. Still, today I wanted to. My parents dropped me off at the bus stop right at the end of my street by the tiny blue house. Walking on I realize this is the last time I will ride the bus to Forsythe. †¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¢ â€Å"Welcome, it’s the first day of school; I hope all of you had a great summer.† I walked in hoping for a better year; little did I know that†¦show more content†¦We just sit and think. Everyone else is talking, but we aren’t. Everyone else is crying, but we aren’t. Everyone else is talking about old memories, but we aren’t. Of course we remember the memories we have, but no one mentions them. †¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¢ â€Å"Don’t play around with the slinky.† The whole class splits up into groups, each getting a long metal slinky. The assignment is to use the slinky to form transverse and converse waves. All of us walk to the corner of the hall and spread apart. Although we started with doing the assignment, we found that throwing it around was 10 times more fun. None of us seemed to care about the assignment anymore. I pulled the slinky back all the way to the end of the hall and released it. It charged at a zooming speed towards Kallie; she released it before it caught up to her. The slinky crashed into the lockers and made such a loud bang. There had been such a peaceful silence before, now there was a ringing going through the whole school. The slinky was now tangled, with the metal bent in every shape. We all take the broken slinky and put it behind a locker, a place where no one will find it. We quickly return to class and take out seats, acting as if we had put the slinky back and had finished our assignment. It was broken. It was forgotten †¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¢ —insert 2 short sentences— People are everywhere, in front of me, behind me: The tiny white kid with the Harry Potter glass and that immense grin: the tinyShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Just Walk On By Brent Staples715 Words   |  3 Pages Text E1 is titled just walk on by, written by Brent Staples. He was born in Chester Pennsylvania and was an author/editorial for the new york times. The text is an essay and was written in 1986 while the major events of racial profiling and brutality were a big issue. Throughout Brents life, as an African-American, he lived with being discriminated and verbally abused by other races for example, whites. In the text he tells the how he feels when people run away from him or how he feels when whitesRead MoreObjectivity In Autophenonmenology And Heterophenomenology.938 Words   |  4 Pagesindividual states â€Å"I am sad.† Further explanation may reveal a multitude of reasons for this emotion: my dog is sick, my girlfriend broke up with me, my stomach hurts, I was fired, etc. However, it is extremely unlikely that the individual will be able to accurately reveal every minute factor – external or otherwise – that is attributing to the feeling of sadness. On the con trary, they will state what is bothering them the most. Consequently, we are getting a descriptive view of what the situationRead MoreThe Holocaust and The Final Solution Plan Essay622 Words   |  3 PagesThe Holocaust, it’s such a horrific topic. Why do we study this? The answer I will give at the end of this essay, although, there are many ways people look at the holocaust, different opinions that people have, different understandings. This is my understanding. Holocaust. (The Greek word meaning Whole (Holo), and burnt (Caust). The name although sad, is quite an appropriate name for this event in history, because the Jewish people’s spirt, was almost entirely â€Å"Burnt†. Hitler’s rise to power beganRead More Biography George Orwell Essay1135 Words   |  5 Pagessociopolitical conditions of his time. For a man whose career started as a dishwasher, he came a long way to be known as the great author he is known as today. In this paper George Orwells early life, his variety of jobs before becoming a writer, his many successes and failures and some of his best known novels and critiques of them, and his sad death will all be discussed. George Orwell was born in Motihard, Bengal, India on June 25, 1903 (George Orwell 1). He was born into a family in the upperRead More Comparing A London fete and Composed Upon Westminster Bridge1433 Words   |  6 PagesComparing A London fete and Composed Upon Westminster Bridge A London fete and composed upon Westminster Bridge. I am going to be comparing two poems in this essay the first poem is London fete which was written by a man called Coventry Patmore this poem is about a hanging that took place and about the effect it had on other people who watched. The second poem is composed upon Westminster bridge by William words worth which is about a man who is standing on a bridge describing the viewRead MoreThe Logical, Emotional, And Credible Evaluation Of `` Still Separate, Still Unequal ``1482 Words   |  6 Pagesan activist for low income and poverty destined children who are not provided the means for a proper education. The essay â€Å"Still Separate, Still Unequal†, by Jonathan Kozol, discusses the harsh truth of public school systems, and how they have become an isolation and segregation of inequality that students are subjected to; as a result, to receive an education. Throughout the essay, Kozol proves evidence of the inequality that African American and Hispanic children face in the current school systemsRead MoreEssay about William Pollack: Inside the World of Boys956 Words   |  4 Pagesto â€Å"the boy code†, the unspoken rules that compel them to feel they need to hide their emotions and keep them from exposure. In effect, â€Å"the boy code† causes the problem of gender gap between boys and girls in academic performances. I choose this essay because I am concerned with how â€Å"the boy code† raises the gender gap between boys and girls in their academic performances and how our societies often underestimate all emotional needs of boys. This story is not only a story but also is a researchRead MoreLove In A Maze1658 Words   |  7 Pagesis best known for her novella called Fantomina: Or, Love in a Maze in 1724. In the Enlightenment era, â€Å"the number of women writers grew as they became increasingly important in publishing domestic novels, Gothic fiction, literary translations, and essays on the rights of women to education† and Haywood was one of them (Bird). Fantomina: Or, Love in a Maze, is a story of girl who is filled with desire and is given a little too much freedom and money to do as she pleases. Fantomina can be describedRead MoreAnalytical Essay on Wilfred Owens War Poetry- Dulce Et Decorum Est- by Za1715 Words   |  7 PagesAnalytical Essay on â€Å"Dulce et Decorum Est† By ZA 2010 and 15 years of Age British war poet, Wilfred Owen, incorporates many techniques of poetry writing in his works. As a soldier, Owen often wrote poems which described the misery and hardships on the fronts of World War One. To illustrate the image and scenes of the conflict, Owen uses an array of techniques which can be noticed in his poem â€Å"Dulce et Decorum Est† In the poem, â€Å"Dulce et Decorum Est†, Owen recollects the event of a gas attack on returningRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwell s The Road 3871 Words   |  16 Pagesbook in is Cormac McCarthy’s, â€Å"The Road†. In â€Å"The Road†, McCarthy has a distinct and plangent tone. The English used by McCarthy differs from the English used in novels of other genres, as well as novels in the post-apocalyptic genre. In my extended essay I plan to explore and discuss how McCarthy creates a language that fully illustrates his vision of the post-apocalyptic setting of his novel. After growing up in the atmosphere of the USA in which the threat of nuclear apocalypse was a very possible

Annotated Bibliography of Omnivores Dilemma - 566 Words

Omnivores Dilemma Annotated Bibliography Horrigan, L., Lawrence, R., Walker, P. (2002). How sustainable agriculture can address the environmental and human health harms of industrial agriculture. Environmental Health Perspective. In this article, Horrigan agrees with Pollan that there is definitely a problem with using corn-based feed for animals who are to then be fed to human beings. Specifically, Horrigan examines both animal feed and the danger of other forms of pollution which have an impact on human food production and eventual consumption. The authors make the claim that animal consumption itself is highly dangerous and perhaps should be universally abolished in order to help the environment in terms of pollutants and to help humans in their health concerns. Unlike the Pollan book which discusses how dangerous animal feeding of corn-based products can be, Horrigan takes the ideas even further. Instead of merely altering how animals are fed, Horrigan wants a complete reevaluation of human diets . By eliminating meat from the diet, people do not have to worry about what is being fed to the animals. This article serves as a comparison to Pollan because it advocates changes even beyond those of the Pollan book. Hurst, B. (2009, July 30). The omnivores delusion: against the agri-intellectuals. The American. Retrieved Oct. 4, 2012, from http://www.american.com/archive/2009/july/the- omnivore2019s-delusion-against-the-agri-intellectuals. This article from The

Array Free Essays

string(199) " Example The technique of omitting the bounds specification for the first dimension of a multidimensional array can also be used in function declarations as follows: Copy // multidimensional_arrays\." C++ provides a data structure, the array, which stores a fixed-size sequential collection of elements of the same type. An array is used to store a collection of data, but it is often more useful to think of an array as a collection of variables of the same type. Instead of declaring individual variables, such as number0, number1, †¦ , and number99, you declare one array variable such as numbers and use numbers[0], numbers[1], and †¦ , numbers[99] to represent individual variables. We will write a custom essay sample on Array or any similar topic only for you Order Now A specific element in an array is accessed by an index. All arrays consist of contiguous memory locations. The lowest address corresponds to the first element and the highest address to the last element. Declaring Arrays: To declare an array in C++, the programmer specifies the type of the elements and the number of elements required by an array as follows: type arrayName [ arraySize ];| This is called a single-dimension array. The arraySize must be an integer constant greater than zero and type can be any valid C++ data type. For example, to declare a 10-element array called balance of type double, use this statement: double balance[10];| Initializing Arrays: You can initialize C++ array elements either one by one or using a single statement as follows: double balance[5] = {1000. 0, 2. 0, 3. 4, 17. 0, 50. 0};| The number of values between braces { } can not be larger than the number of elements that we declare for the array between square brackets [ ]. Following is an example to assign a single element of the array: If you omit the size of the array, an array just big enough to hold the initialization is created. Therefore, if you write: double balance[] = {1000. 0, 2. 0, 3. 4, 17. 0, 50. 0};| You will create exactly the same array as you did in the previous example. balance[4] = 50. 0;| The above statement assigns element number 5th in the array a value of 50. 0. Array with 4th index will be 5th ie. last element because all arrays have 0 as the index of their first element which is also called base index. Following is the pictorial representaion of the same array we discussed above: Accessing Array Elements: An element is accessed by indexing the array name. This is done by placing the index of the element within square brackets after the name of the array. For example: double salary = balance[9];| The above statement will take 10th element from the array and assign the value to salary variable. Following is an example which will use all the above mentioned three concepts viz. eclaration, assignment and accessing arrays: #include iostreamusing namespace std; #include iomanipusing std::setw; int main (){ int n[ 10 ]; // n is an array of 10 integers // initialize elements of array n to 0 for ( int i = 0; i 10; i++ ) { n[ i ] = i + 100; // set element at location i to i + 100 } cout â€Å"Element† setw( 13 ) â€Å"Value† endl; // output each array element’s value for ( int j = 0; j ; 10; j++ ) { cout ;; setw( 7 );; j ;; setw( 13 ) ;; n[ j ] ;; endl; } return 0;} | This program makes use setw() function to format the output. When the above code is compiled and executed, it produces following result: Element Value 0 100 1 101 2 102 3 103 4 104 5 105 6 106 7 107 8 108 9 109| sequence: Copy decl-specifier identifier [ constant-expression ] decl-specifier identifier [] decl-specifier identifer [][ constant-expression] . . . decl-specifier identifier [ constant-expression ] [ constant-expression ] . . . 1. The declaration specifier: * An optional storage class specifier. * Optional const and/or volatile specifiers. The type name of the elements of the array. 2. The declarator: * The identifier. * A constant expression of integral type enclosed in brackets, []. If multiple dimensions are declared using additional brackets, the constant expression may be omitted on the first set of brackets. * Optional additional brackets enclosing constant expressions. 3. An optional initializer. See Initializers. The number of elements in the array is given by th e constant expression. The first element in the array is the 0th element, and the last element is the (n-1) element, where n is the number of elements the array can contain. The constant-expression must be of an integral type and must be greater than 0. A zero-sized array is legal only when the array is the last field in a struct or union and when the Microsoft extensions (/Ze) are enabled. The following example shows how to define an array at run time: Copy // arrays. cpp // compile with: /EHsc #include ;iostream; int main() { using namespace std; int size = 3, i = 0; int* myarr = new int[size]; for (i = 0 ; i ; size ; i++) myarr[i] = 10; for (i = 0 ; i ; size ; i++) printf_s(â€Å"myarr[%d] = %d â€Å", i, myarr[i]); delete [] myarr; } Arrays are derived types and can therefore be constructed from any other derived or fundamental type except functions, references, and void. Arrays constructed from other arrays are multidimensional arrays. These multidimensional arrays are specified by placing multiple bracketed constant expressions in sequence. For example, consider this declaration: Copy int i2[5][7]; It specifies an array of type int, conceptually arranged in a two-dimensional matrix of five rows and seven columns, as shown in the following figure: Conceptual Layout of Multidimensional Array In declarations of multidimensioned arrays that have an initializer list (as described in Initializers), the constant expression that specifies the bounds for the first dimension can be omitted. For example: Copy // arrays2. cpp // compile with: /c const int cMarkets = 4; // Declare a float that represents the transportation costs. ouble TransportCosts[][cMarkets] = { { 32. 19, 47. 29, 31. 99, 19. 11 }, { 11. 29, 22. 49, 33. 47, 17. 29 }, { 41. 97, 22. 09, 9. 76, 22. 55 } }; The preceding declaration defines an array that is three rows by four columns. The rows represent factories and the columns represent markets to which the f actories ship. The values are the transportation costs from the factories to the markets. The first dimension of the array is left out, but the compiler fills it in by examining the initializer. Topics in this section: * Using Arrays * Arrays in Expressions * Interpretation of Subscript Operator * Indirection on Array Types * Ordering of C++ Arrays Example The technique of omitting the bounds specification for the first dimension of a multidimensional array can also be used in function declarations as follows: Copy // multidimensional_arrays. cpp // compile with: /EHsc // arguments: 3 #include ;limits; // Includes DBL_MAX #include ;iostream; const int cMkts = 4, cFacts = 2; // Declare a float that represents the transportation costs double TransportCosts[][cMkts] = { { 32. 19, 47. 29, 31. 99, 19. 11 }, { 11. 29, 22. 49, 33. 47, 17. 29 }, { 41. 97, 22. 09, 9. 76, 22. 55 } }; // Calculate size of unspecified dimension const int cFactories = sizeof TransportCosts / sizeof( double[cMkts] ); double FindMinToMkt( int Mkt, double myTransportCosts[][cMkts], int mycFacts); sing namespace std; int main( int argc, char *argv[] ) { double MinCost; if (argv[1] == 0) { cout ;; â€Å"You must specify the number of markets. † ;; endl; exit(0); } MinCost = FindMinToMkt( *argv[1] – ‘0’, TransportCosts, cFacts); cout ;; â€Å" The minimum cost to Market † ;; argv[1] ;; † is: † ;; MinCost ;; † â€Å"; } double FindMinToMkt(int Mkt, double myTransportCosts[][cMkts], int mycFacts) { double MinCost = DBL_MAX; for( int i = 0; i ; cFacts; ++i ) MinCost = (MinCost ; TransportCosts[i][Mkt]) ? MinCost : TransportCosts[i][Mkt]; return MinCost; } ] This article is part of our on-going C programming series. There are times while writing C code, you may want to store multiple items of same type as contiguous bytes in memory so that searching and sorting of items becomes easy. For example: 1. Storing a string that contains series of characters. Like storing a name in memory. 2. Storing multiple strings. Like storing multiple names. C programming language provides the concept of arrays to help you with these scenarios. 1. What is an Array? An array is a collection of same type of elements which are sheltered under a common name. An array can be visualised as a row in a table, whose each successive block can be thought of as memory bytes containing one element. Look at the figure below : An Array of four elements: +===================================================+ | elem1 | elem2 | elem3 | elem4 | +===================================================+ The number of 8 bit bytes that each element occupies depends on the type of array. If type of array is ‘char’ then it means the array stores character elements. Since each character occupies one byte so elements of a character array occupy one byte each. 2. How to Define an Array? An array is defined as following : ;type-of-array; ;name-of-array; [;number of elements in array;]; * type-of-array: It is the type of elements that an array stores. If array stores character elements then type of array is ‘char’. If array stores integer elements then type of array is ‘int’. Besides these native types, if type of elements in array is structure objects then type of array becomes the structure. * name-of-array: This is the name that is given to array. It can be any string but it is usually suggested that some can of standard should be followed while naming arrays. At least the name should be in context with what is being stored in the array. * [number of elements]: This value in subscripts [] indicates the number of elements the array stores. For example, an array of five characters can be defined as : char arr[5]; 3. How to Initialize an Array? An array can be initialized in many ways as shown in the code-snippets below. Initializing each element separately. For example : int arr[10]; int i = 0; for(i=0;i;sizeof(arr);i++) { arr[i] = i; // Initializing each element seperately } Initializing array at the time of declaration. For example : int arr[] = {‘1†²,’2†²,’3†²,’4†²,’5’}; In the above example an array of five integers is declared. Note that since we are initializing at the time of declaration so there is no need to mention any value in the subscripts []. The size will automatically be calculated from the number of values. In this case, the size will be 5. Initializing array with a string (Method 1): Strings in C language are nothing but a series of characters followed by a null byte. So to store a string, we need an array of characters followed by a null byte. This makes the initialization of strings a bit different. Let us take a look : Since strings are nothing but a series of characters so the array containing a string will be containing characters char arr[] = {‘c’,’o’,’d’,’e’,’’}; In the above declaration/initialization, we have initialized array with a series of character followed by a ‘? (null) byte. The null byte is required as a terminating byte when string is read as a whole. Initializing array with a string (Method 2): har arr[] = â€Å"code†; Here we neither require to explicitly wrap single quotes around each character nor write a null character. The double quotes do the trick for us. 4. Accessing Values in an Array Now we know how to declar e and initialize an array. Lets understand, how to access array elements. An array element is accessed as : int arr[10]; int i = 0; for(i=0;i;sizeof(arr);i++) { arr[i] = i; // Initializing each element separately } int j = arr[5]; // Accessing the 5th element of integer array arr and assigning its value to integer ‘j’. As we can see above, the 5th element of array is accessed as ‘arr[5]‘. Note that for an array declared as int arr[5]. The five values are represented as: arr[0] arr[1] arr[2] arr[3] arr[4] and not arr[1] arr[2] arr[3] arr[4] arr[5] The first element of array always has a subscript of ’0? 5. Array of Structures The following program gives a brief idea of how to declare, initialize and use array of structures. #include;stdio. h; struct st{ int a; char c; }; int main() { struct st st_arr[3]; // Declare an array of 3 structure objects struct st st_obj0; // first structure object st_obj0. a = 0; st_obj0. c = ‘a’; struct st st_obj1; //Second structure object st_obj1. a = 1; st_obj1. c = ‘b’; struct st st_obj2; // Third structure object st_obj2. a = 2; st_obj2. c = ‘c’; t_arr[0] = st_obj0; // Initializing first element of array with first structure object st_arr[1] = st_obj1; // Initializing second element of array with second structure object st_arr[2] = st_obj2; // Initializing third element of array with third structure object printf(† First Element of array has values of a = [%d] and c = [%c] â€Å", st_arr[0]. a, st_arr[0]. c); printf(† Second Element of array has values of a = [%d] and c = [%c] â€Å", st_arr[1]. a, st_arr[1]. c); printf(† Third Element of array has values of a = [%d] and c = [%c] â€Å", st_arr[2]. a, st_arr[2]. c); return 0; } The output of the above program comes out to be : $ . /strucarr First Element of array has values of a = [0] and c = [a] Second Element of array has values of a = [1] and c = [b] Third Element of array has values of a = [2] and c = [c] 6. Array of Char Pointers The following program gives a brief Idea of how to declare an array of char pointers : #include;stdio. h; int main() { // Declaring/Initializing three characters pointers char *ptr1 = â€Å"Himanshu†; char *ptr2 = â€Å"Arora†; char *ptr3 = â€Å"TheGeekStuff†; //Declaring an array of 3 char pointers char* arr[3]; // Initializing the array with values arr[0] = ptr1; arr[1] = ptr2; arr[2] = ptr3; //Printing the values stored in array printf(† [%s] â€Å", arr[0]); printf(† [%s] â€Å", arr[1]); rintf(† [%s] â€Å", arr[2]); return 0; } The output of the above program is : $ . /charptrarr [Himanshu] [Arora] [TheGeekStuff] 7. Pointer to Arrays Pointers in C Programming language is very powerful. Combining pointers with arrays can be very helpful in certain situations. As to any kind of data type, we can have pointers to arrays also. A pointer to array is declared as : ;data type; (*;name of ptr;)[;an integer;] For example : int(*ptr)[5]; The above example declares a pointer ptr to an array of 5 integers. Lets look at a small program for demonstrating this : #include;stdio. h; int main(void) { char arr[3]; char(*ptr)[3]; rr[0] = ‘a’; arr[1] = ‘b’; arr[2] = ‘c’; ptr = ;arr; return 0; } In the above program, we declared and initialized an array ‘arr’ and then declared a pointer ‘ptr’ to an array of 3 characters. Then we initialized ptr with the address of array ‘arr’. 8. Static vs Dynamic Arrays Static arrays are the ones that reside on stack. Like : char arr[10]; Dynamic arrays is a popular name given to a series of bytes allocated on heap. this is achieved through malloc() function. Like : char *ptr = (char*)malloc(10); The above line allocates a memory of 10 bytes on heap and we have taken the starting address of this series of bytes in a character pointer ptr. Static arrays are used when we know the amount of bytes in array at compile time while the dynamic array is used where we come to know about the size on run time. 9. Decomposing Array into Pointers Internally, arrays aren’t treated specially, they are decomposed into pointers and operated there-on. For example an array like : char arr[10]; When accessed like : arr[4] = ‘e’; is decomposed as : *(arr + 4) = ‘e’ So we see above that the same old pointers techniques are used while accessing array elements. 10. Character Arrays and Strings Mostly new programmers get confused between character arrays and strings. Well, there is a very thin line between the two. This thin line only comprises of a null character ‘? If this is present after a series of characters in an array, then that array becomes a string. This is an array: char arr[] = {‘a’, ‘b’, ‘c’}; This is a string: char arr[] = {‘a’, ‘bâ €™, ‘c’, ‘’}; Note : A string can be printed through %s format specifier in printf() while an printing an array through %s specifier in printf() is a wrong practice. 11. Bi-dimensional and Multi-dimensional Arrays The type of array we discussed until now is single dimensional arrays. As we see earlier, we can store a set of characters or a string in a single dimensional array. What if we want to store multiple strings in an array. Well, that wont be possible using single dimensional arrays. We need to use bi-dimensional arrays in this case. Something like : char arr[5][10]; The above declaration can be thought of as 5 rows and 10 columns. Where each row may contain a different name and columns may limit the number of characters in the name. So we can store 5 different names with max length of 10 characters each. Similarly, what if we want to store different names and their corresponding addresses also. Well this requirement cannot be catered even by bi-dimensional arrays. In this case we need tri-dimensional (or multi-dimensional in general) arrays. So we need something like : char arr[5][10][50]; So we can have 5 names with max capacity of 10 characters for names and 50 characters for corresponding addresses. Since this is an advanced topic, So we won’t go into practical details here. 12. A Simple C Program using Arrays Consider this simple program that copies a string into an array and then changes one of its characters : #include;stdio. h; #include;string. h; int main(void) { char arr[4];// for accommodating 3 characters and one null ‘’ byte. char *ptr = â€Å"abc†; //a string containing ‘a’, ‘b’, ‘c’, ‘’ memset(arr, ‘’, sizeof(arr)); //reset all the bytes so that none of the byte contains any junk value strncpy(arr,ptr,sizeof(â€Å"abc†)); // Copy the string â€Å"abc† into the array arr printf(† %s â€Å",arr); //print the array as string rr[0] = ‘p’; // change the first character in the array printf(† %s â€Å",arr);//again print the array as string return 0; } I think the program is self explanatory as I have added plenty of comments. The output of the above program is : $ . /array_pointer abc pbc So we see that we successfully copied the string into array and then changed the first character in the array. 13. No Array Bound Check in a C Program What is array bound check? Well this is the check for boundaries of array declared. For example : char arr[5]; The above array ‘arr’ consumes 5 bytes on stack and through code we can access these bytes using : arr[0], arr[1], arr[2], arr[3], arr[4] Now, C provides open power to the programmer to write any index value in [] of an array. This is where we say that no array bound check is there in C. SO, misusing this power, we can access arr[-1] and also arr[6] or any other illegal location. Since these bytes are on stack, so by doing this we end up messing with other variables on stack. Consider the following example : #include;stdio. h; unsigned int count = 1; int main(void) { int b = 10; int a[3]; a[0] = 1; a[1] = 2; a[2] = 3; printf(† b = %d â€Å",b); a[3] = 12; printf(† b = %d â€Å",b); return 0; } In the above example, we have declared an array of 3 integers but try to access the location arr[3] (which is illegal but doable in C) and change the value kept there. But, we end up messing with the value of variable ‘b’. Cant believe it? , check the following output . We see that value of b changes from 10 to 12. $ . /stk b = 10 b = 12 C++ arrays, arrays and loops In this tutorial, we are going to talk about arrays. An array lets you declare and work with a collection of values of the same type. Let’s say you want to declare four integers. With the knowledge from the last few tutorials you would do something like this: int a , b , c , d; What if you wanted to declare a thousand variables? That will take you a long time to type. This is where arrays come in handy. An easier way is to declare an array of four integers, like this: int a[4]; The four separate integers inside this array are accessed by an index. Each element can be accessed, by using square brackets, with the element number inside. All arrays start at element zero and will go to n-1. (In this case from 0 to 3. ) Note: The index number, which represents the number of elements the array is going to hold, must be a constant value. Because arrays are build out of non-dynamic memory blocks. In a later tutorial we will explain arrays with a variable length, which uses dynamic memory. So if we want to fill each element you get something like this: int a[4]; a[0] = 1; a[1] = 2; a[2] = 3; a[3] = 4; If you want to use an element, for example for printing, you can do this: out ;; a[1]; Arrays and loops One of the nice things about arrays is that you can use a loop to manipulate each element. When an array is declared, the values of each element are not set to zero automatically. In some cases you want to â€Å"re-initialize† the array (which means, setting ev ery element to zero). This can be done like in the example above, but it is easier to use a loop. Here is an example: #include;iostream; using namespace std; int main() { int a[4]; int i; for ( i = 0; i ; 4; i++ ) a[i] = 0; for ( i = 0; i ; 4; i++ ) cout ;; a[i] ;; ‘ ‘; return 0; } Note: In the first â€Å"for loop† all elements are set to zero. The second â€Å"for loop† will print each element. Multi-dimensional arrays The arrays we have been using so far are called one-dimensional arrays. Here is an example of a one-dimensional array: int a[2]; 0| 1| 1| 2| Note: A one-dimensional array has one column of elements. Two-dimensional arrays have rows and columns. See the example below: int a[2][2]; | 0| 1| 0| 1| 2| 1| 4| 5| Note: a[0][0] contains the value 1. a[0][1] contains the value 2. a[1][0] contains the value 4. a[1][1] contains the value 5. So let’s look at an example that initialize a two-dimensional array and prints each element: #include;iostream; using namespace std; int main() { nt a[4][4]; int i , j; for (i = 0; i ; 4; i++) { for ( j = 0; j ; 4; j++) { a[i][j] = 0; cout ;; a[i][j] ;; ‘ ‘; } } return 0; } Note: As you can see, we use two â€Å"for loops† in the example above. One to access the rows the other to access the columns. You must be careful when choosing the index number, because there is no range checking done. So if you index (choose an element) past the end of the array, there is no warning or error. Instead the program will give you â€Å"garbage† data or it will crash. Arrays as parameters In C++ it is not possible to pass a complete block of memory by value as a parameter to (for example) a function. It is allowed to pass the arrays address to (for example) a function. Take a look at the following example: #include;iostream; using namespace std; void printfunc(int my_arg[], int i) { for (int n=0; n ; i; n++) cout ;; my_arg[n] ;; ‘ ‘; } int main() { int my_array[] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}; printfunc(my_array,5); return 0; } The function printfunc accepts any array (whatever the number of elements) whose elements are of the type int. The second function parameter (int i) tells function the number of elements of the array, that was passed in the first parameter of the function. With this variable we can check (in the â€Å"for† loop) for the outer bound of the array. That’s all for this tutorial. include ;iostream; using namespace std; int main() { int myarr[2][3]; for(int r = 0; r ; 2; r++){ for(int c = 0; c ; 3; c++){ myarr[r][c] = r*c+1; } } for(r = 0; r ; 2; r++){ for(int c = 0; c ; 3; c++){ cout ;; myarr[r][c] ;; † â€Å"; } cout ;; endl; } return 0; } #include ;iostream; using namespace std; int minArray(int arr[][5], int rowCap, int colCap) { int m = arr[0][0]; for (int r = 0; r ; rowCap; r++) for (int c = 0; c ; colCap; c++) if (arr[r][c] ; m) m = arr[r][c]; return m; } int main() { in t x[3][5] = { {13,4,35,22,3}, {32,3,7,3,2}, {3,4,4,4,2}}; cout ;; minArray(x, 3, 5) ;; endl; return 0; } How to cite Array, Papers

Business the Environment free essay sample

Importance of corporate consideration of environmental impact, theory of value of public goods, case studies of Nestles infant formula Patagonia Clothing. Companies do not conduct their business in an isolated environment. In todays global economy, events from throughout the world can affect the activities of small business in small towns in the United States. Factors which can affect business include social and cultural influence, international considerations, legal ramifications and financial influences. When OPEC imposed an oil embargo during the 1970s, it was a response to the political situation in Israel and the support that Israel received from Washington. The end result, however, is that consumers throughout the United States, who had no direct influence over any of these events, paid higher prices for their gasoline. Understanding how the business environment can affect companies is critical to their long-term success. This research examines some critical

The Laser Essay Example For Students

The Laser Essay The LaserBefore we can learn about the laser we need to know a little bit aboutlight (since that is what a laser is made of). Light from our sun, or from anelectric bulb, is called white light. It is really a mixture of all thedifferent colours of light. The colours range from violet, indigo, and blue, togreen, yellow, orange, and red. These make up the visible part of theelectromagnetic spectrum. Light is made up of particles, called PHOTONS, whichtravel in waves. The difference in the colour depends on the wavelength of thelight. Violet light has the shortest wavelength while red has the longest. Thereare other parts of the electromagnetic spectrum which includes infra-red, radar,television radio and micro- waves (past red on the spectrum), and on the otherend of the spectrum are the other invisible radiations, ultra- violet, X rays,micro waves and gamma rays. The wavelength of the light is important to thesubject of the laser. A laser is made up of COHERENT light, a special kind o flight in which the wavelengths of the light are all the same length, and thecrests of these waves are all lined up, or in PHASE. The word Laser is anacronym for Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation. What doesthat mean? Basically a laser is a device which produces and then amplifies lightwaves and concentrates them into an intense penetrating beam. We will write a custom essay on The Laser specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The principles of the laser (and its cousin the maser) were establishedlong before these devices were successfully developed. In 1916 Albert Einsteinproposed stimulated emission, and other fundamental ideas were discussed by V.A. Fabrikant in 1940. These ideas, followed by decades of intensive development ofmicrowave technology set the stage for the first maser (a laser made up ofmicro-waves), and this in turn helped to produce more advances in this area ofscience. These efforts cumulated in July 1960 when Theodore H. Maiman announcedthe generation of a pulse of coherent red light by means of a ruby crystal thefirst laser. Laser light is produced by pumping some form of energy, such as light, froma flash tube (see below) into a LASING material, also known as a medium. Mediacan be liquids, solids, gases, or a mixture of gases, such as the common helium-neon laser (see chart). Each medium produces a laser with a different wavelengthand therefore each medium produces different coloured light. When the energy, inthis case photons (light particles) enter the medium they smash into the atomsof the medium. The atom then releases another photon of a specific wavelength. When a loose photon hits an atom that hasnt emitted its extra photon, bothphotons are released. That is called stimulated emission of radiation. A singleflash from a flash lamp emits billions of pairs of photons into the medium. Thephotons are then released as coherent light. The first laser, a ruby laser, was made up of several main components. Ithad a flash tube coiled around a central rod of synthetic pink ruby. In thiscase the ruby is the medium. A quartz tube was located just underneath the rubyrod. A trigger electrode was connected to the quartz tube. All of this wasenclosed in a polished aluminum casing. This was cooled by a forced air supply. This design was thought to be good enough but later an optical resonatorwas added to redirect light in the right direction which increased laserperformance. The optical resonator was a mirror at one end of the laser toredirect light back into the laser and a partially reflective laser which letssome coherent light through. .u896c2a0c0f04161ef5240f9a5a6cfa1e , .u896c2a0c0f04161ef5240f9a5a6cfa1e .postImageUrl , .u896c2a0c0f04161ef5240f9a5a6cfa1e .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u896c2a0c0f04161ef5240f9a5a6cfa1e , .u896c2a0c0f04161ef5240f9a5a6cfa1e:hover , .u896c2a0c0f04161ef5240f9a5a6cfa1e:visited , .u896c2a0c0f04161ef5240f9a5a6cfa1e:active { border:0!important; } .u896c2a0c0f04161ef5240f9a5a6cfa1e .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u896c2a0c0f04161ef5240f9a5a6cfa1e { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u896c2a0c0f04161ef5240f9a5a6cfa1e:active , .u896c2a0c0f04161ef5240f9a5a6cfa1e:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u896c2a0c0f04161ef5240f9a5a6cfa1e .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u896c2a0c0f04161ef5240f9a5a6cfa1e .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u896c2a0c0f04161ef5240f9a5a6cfa1e .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u896c2a0c0f04161ef5240f9a5a6cfa1e .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u896c2a0c0f04161ef5240f9a5a6cfa1e:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u896c2a0c0f04161ef5240f9a5a6cfa1e .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u896c2a0c0f04161ef5240f9a5a6cfa1e .u896c2a0c0f04161ef5240f9a5a6cfa1e-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u896c2a0c0f04161ef5240f9a5a6cfa1e:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Electro Magnetic Fields EssayToday there are many types of lasers which include solid state lasers,which have a solid media. The most common of this is a rod of ruby crystals andneodymium-doped glasses and crystals. These offer the highest energy output ofall lasers. Another laser type is the gas laser, which can be made of a pure gasor a mixture of gases or even a vaporized metal in a quartz tube. The helium-neon laser has hight frequency stability and Carbon Dioxide lasers are the mostefficient and powerful continuous wave lasers. The most compact type of laser isthe Semiconductor laser, made from layers of sem i-conducting materials. Sincethese can run by direct applica tion of electrical current these have many uses,such as CD players and laser printers. Liquid lasers

Admiral David Dixon Porter in the Civil War

Admiral David Dixon Porter in the Civil War David Dixon Porter - Early Life: Born at Chester, PA on June 8, 1813, David Dixon Porter was the son of Commodore David Porter and his wife Evalina. Producing ten children, the Porters had also adopted the young James (later David) Glasgow Farragut in 1808 after the boys mother had aided Porters father. A hero of the War of 1812, Commodore Porter left the US Navy in 1824 and two years later accepted command of the Mexican Navy. Traveling south with his father, young David Dixon was appointed a midshipman and saw service aboard several Mexican vessels. David Dixon Porter - Joining the US Navy: In 1828, Porter sailed aboard the brig Guerrero (22 guns) to attack Spanish shipping off Cuba. Commanded by his cousin, David Henry Porter, Guerrero was captured by the Spanish frigate Lealtad (64). In the action, the elder Porter was killed and afterwards David Dixon was taken to Havana as a prisoner. Soon exchanged, he returned to his father in Mexico. Unwilling to further risk his sons life, Commodore Porter sent him back to the United States where his grandfather, Congressman William Anderson, was able to secure him a midshipmans warrant in the US Navy on February 2, 1829. David Dixon Porter - Early Career: Due to his time in Mexico, the young Porter possessed more experience than many of his midshipman peers and the junior officers above him. This bred a brashness and arrogance than led to clashes with his superiors. Though nearly dismissed from the service, he proved a capable midshipman. In June 1832, he sailed aboard the flagship of Commodore David Patterson, USS United States. For the cruise, Patterson had embarked his family and Porter soon began courting his daughter, George Ann. Returning to the United States, he passed his lieutenants exam in June 1835. David Dixon Porter - Mexican-American War: Assigned to the Coast Survey, he saved sufficient funds to allow him to marry George Ann in March 1839.   The couple would ultimately have six children, four sons and two daughters, that survived to adulthood. Promoted to lieutenant in March 1841, he briefly served in the Mediterranean before being ordered to the Hydrographic Office. In 1846, Porter was dispatched on a secret mission to the Republic of Santo Domingo to assess the new nations stability and to scout locations for a naval base around the Bay of Semana. Returning in June, he learned that the Mexican-American War had begun. Assigned as the first lieutenant of the sidewheel gunboat USS Spitfire, Porter served under Commander Josiah Tattnall. Operating in the Gulf of Mexico, Spitfire was present during the landing of Major General Winfield Scotts army in March 1847. With the army preparing to lay siege to Veracruz, Commodore Matthew Perrys fleet moved to attack the citys seaward defenses. Knowing the area from his days in Mexico, on the night of March 22/23 Porter took a small boat and mapped a channel into the harbor. The next morning, Spitfire and several other vessels used Porters channel to run into the harbor to attack the defenses. Though this violated orders that Perry had issued, he applauded his subordinates boldness. That June, Porter took part in Perrys attack on Tabasco. Leading a detachment of sailors, he succeeded in capturing one of the forts defending the town. In reward, he was given command of Spitfire for the remainder of the war. Though his first command, he saw little subsequent action as the war moved inland. Seeking to improve his knowledge of emerging steam technology, he took a leave of absence in 1849 and commanded several mail steamers. Returning in 1855, he was given command of the storeship USS Supply. This duty saw him employed in a scheme to bring camels to the US for use by the US Army in the Southwest. Coming ashore in 1857, Porter held several positions before being appointed to the Coast Survey in 1861. David Dixon Porter - Civil War: Before Porter could depart, the Civil War began. Approached by Secretary of State William Seward and Captain Montgomery Meigs, US Army, Porter was given command USS Powhatan (16) and dispatched on a secret mission to reinforce Fort Pickens at Pensacola, FL. This mission proved a success and was a demonstrative show of his loyalty to the Union. Promoted to commander on April 22, he was sent to blockade the mouth of the Mississippi River. That November, he began advocating for an attack on New Orleans. This moved forward the following spring with Farragut, now a flag officer, in command. Attached to his foster brothers squadron, Porter was placed in command of a flotilla of mortar boats. Pushing forward on April 18, 1862, Porters mortars bombarded Forts Jackson and St. Philip. Though he believed that two days of firing would reduce both works, little damage was inflicted after five. Unwilling to wait any longer, Farragut ran past the forts on April 24 and captured the city. Remaining by the forts, Porter compelled their surrender on April 28. Moving upstream, he aided Farragut in attacking Vicksburg before being ordered east in July. David Dixon Porter - Mississippi River: His return to the East Coast proved brief as he was soon promoted directly to rear admiral and placed in command of the Mississippi River Squadron that October. Taking command, he was tasked with aiding Major General John McClernand in opening the upper Mississippi. Moving south, they were joined by troops led by Major General William T. Sherman. Though Porter came to despise McClernand, he formed a strong, lasting friendship with Sherman. At McClernands direction, the force attacked and captured Fort Hindman (Arkansas Post) in January 1863. Uniting with Major General Ulysses S. Grant, Porter was next tasked with supporting Union operations against Vicksburg. Working closely with Grant, Porter succeeded in running most of his fleet past Vicksburg on the night of April 16. Six nights later he ran a fleet of transports past the citys guns as well. Having assembled a large naval force south of the city, he was able to transport and support Grants operations against Grand Gulf and Bruinsburg. As the campaign progressed, Porters gunboats ensured that Vicksburg remained cut off from reinforcement by water. David Dixon Porter - Red River the North Atlantic: With the citys fall on July 4, Porters squadron began patrols of the Mississippi until being ordered to support Major General Nathaniel Banks Red River Expedition. Beginning in March 1864, the endeavor proved unsuccessful and Porter was fortunate to extract his fleet from the rivers receding waters. On October 12, Porter was ordered east to take command of the North Atlantic Blockading Squadron. Ordered to close the port of Wilmington, NC, he transported troops under Major General Benjamin Butler to attack Fort Fisher that December. The attack proved a failure when Butler showed a lack of resolve. Irate, Porter returned north and requested a different commander from Grant. Returning to Fort Fisher with troops led by Major General Alfred Terry, the two men captured the fort in the Second Battle of Fort Fisher in January 1865. David Dixon Porter - Later Life: With the end of the war, the US Navy was rapidly downsized. With fewer sea-going commands available, Porter was appointed Superintendent of the Naval Academy in September 1865. While there, he was promoted to vice admiral and embarked on an ambitious campaign to modernize and reform the academy to make it the rival of West Point. Departing in 1869, he briefly advised Secretary of the Navy Adolph E. Borie, a novice in naval affairs, until his replacement by George M. Robeson. With Admiral Farraguts death in 1870, Porter believed that he should be promoted to fill the vacancy. This did occur, but only after a protracted fight with his political enemies. Over the next twenty years, Porter was increasingly removed from the US Navys operations. After spending much of this time writing, he died at Washington, DC on February 13, 1890. Following his funeral, he was buried at Arlington National Cemetery. Selected Sources CWPT: David D. PorterArlington Cemetery: David D. Porter

The Impact of Marxism on Western Civilization Assignment

The Impact of Marxism on Western Civilization - Assignment Example A system of social and economic analysis, Marxism came into existence during The Enlightenment era; a period in time characterized by widespread slavery, pervasive disenfranchisement of the right of women to vote, extreme discrimination of the poor, particularly in Europe, and imperialism that saw jostling for resources by the European powers extended to Africa and the far east. To be sure, the world was under the control of a handful of extremely wealthy lords, yet scientific modes of production were at the early stages of development; man [the poor] was basically the source of wealth amassed and concentrated in the few hands. Essentially, Marxism developed out of philosophical materialism; a view that events in the universe follow the laws of nature and that the notion of superhuman upheld by fore-agents of capitalism is headed for a crumble and the subsequent takeover by communism someday. Marx's theoretical analysis centered upon the idea that social systems rise and fall as a re sult of the obstructive impediments to the development of collective, human productive power. In his analysis, the convergence of history and economics would be the causal effect to the ultimate breakdown of capitalism, arguing that historical processes evolved towards the realization of the inevitable pre-determined moral ideals. Noteworthy, Karl Marx was the pioneer thinker to boldly and comprehensively bring to the fore the understanding that the working class were the engine to a prosperous society., and thus are crucially fundamental in determining its course. In his theory of dialectical materialism, a theory share by Engels, Marx believed that everything in the universe revolves around materialism, and that the defined boundaries of encroachment are just but man-made concepts that are nonexistent in the Absolute state of nature (Shimp 37). Marx argues that there can be no freedom for the great mass of the working class as long as economic control [the vast resources] remains in the hands of the few political favorites; an unpalatable argument to the liberals who support the right to hold economic power and the subsequent freedom of its usage as the owner(s) may deem fit. According to Marx’s theory of historical materialism, capitalism was/is a social evil constantly under transformative economic forces towards a system that guarantees equality of mankind. Friedrich Engels, Marx’s longtime friend and coauthor, notes that Marx’s theory of Historical Materialism was a â€Å"law of development of human history†

Obsessive-Complusive PD Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Obsessive-Complusive PD - Essay Example Most of their waking hours are spent in worrying about unwanted thoughts and mental images (Hyman & Pedrick, 2009, p.7). People suffering from obsessive-compulsive personality disorder are incapable of leading a normal life as their obsession draws most of their energy, and most of their actions are influenced by their obsessions. Hence, the only way to cure the Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is to manage the obsessive thoughts through different psychological therapies, as only by managing and understanding the nature of obsessive and compulsive thoughts can one manage the obsessive-compulsive behavior. Definition To understand OCD, it is important to define the words ‘obsession’ and ‘compulsion’. DSM-IV (1994) defines obsession as â€Å"persistent ideas, thoughts, impulses, or images that are experienced as intrusive and inappropriate and that cause marked anxiety or distress† (Jakes, 1996, p.6). DSM-IV (1994) defines compulsions as â€Å"the r epetitive behavior and mental acts† which are intended â€Å"to remove anxiety or distress and not to provide pleasure or gratification† (Jakes, 1996, p.6). Hence, according to DSM-IV (1994), OCD can be diagnosed when the excessiveness and the unreasonable nature of the obsessive and compulsive behavior and thoughts is realized by the people suffering from it (Jakes, 1996, p.6). ... To cure OCD, it is necessary to understand the cause of it. Nature Of OCD Researches in past 60 years have found that OCD is a disorder that depends on different factors (Pauls, Alsobrook, Goodman, Rasmussen & Leckman, 1995, p.76), and hence, it is not easy to reach the conclusion regarding its nature. Familial history was found to be factor in some cases of OCD, while in other cases, there was no evidence of familial history (Pauls et al., 1995, p.76). This shows that the basis of OCD is still controversial. It was widely believed that the genes are responsible for the OCD in human beings (Arnold & Richter, 2001, p. 1353). However, no specific genetic factor has been identified as responsible for OCD (Arnold & Richter, 2001, p. 1353). This led the researchers to believe that when the â€Å"underlying genetic susceptibility† interacts with the environmental risk factors, then it results in obsessive-compulsive behavior pattern and leads to development of OCD in that person (Ar nold & Richter, 2001, p. 1353). Hence, it is very necessary to detect the OCD as soon as the symptoms start appearing in a person. However, it has been found that most of the times, OCD goes undetected. OCD is not common in young children (Heyman, Fombonne, Simmons, Ford, Meltzer & Goodman, 2001, p.324). However, the rate of OCD in young adults in their puberty has been found to be increasing (Heyman et al., 2001, p.324). Hence, it is important to detect OCD early to manage it in behavior. Researches in many countries have revealed that one out of every forty people suffer from OCD (Hyman & Pedrick, 2009, p.17). OCD develops gradually in personality (Hyman & Pedrick, 2009, p.19). However, an unexpected distressing event in

Finite Element Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Finite Element Analysis - Essay Example n into "series of smaller regions in which the differential equations are approximately solved; by assembling the set of equations for each region, the behaviour over the entire problem domain is determined". Considering a three-dimensional body (as shown in the figure), assume that force F is acting on the body, whereas the body is under gravitational pull by the virtue of its weight represented. The distributed load T is also acting of the body. The part of the body is segmented, and single specific outer surface is considered. The body is under stress, as result of the application of the external force, the distributed load and the gravitational force. The external force acts on surface of the body, and is regarded as the surface forces, whereas the weight is acting on the entire volume of the body and is regarded as the body forces. By the virtue of its material characteristic, the body will tend to deform upon application of the external force. The body initially behaves within the elastic limits, and will therefore retain its shape after the surface forces are withdrawn. This tentative deformation with the body in terms of length, area and volume is regarded as the strain. As per Cartesian system, the developed strain can be explained as, This entire set of differential equations is configured on the element of volume. Further calculations are pursued to obtain the energy change in the entire system due to the application of the forces. The node is the critical point for the specific surface. The location of this point is based upon the value of the known field variable. In specific cases, the net displacement at support node is amounted to be zero, in similar manner the temperature values are prescribed at nodes. The nodes are considered to the points at the boundaries of the finite element mesh. The mesh is the marking of regions on the surface area, and therefore in the case of continuous regions no gaps are evident during finite element mesh. The

Social Issues of E-Commerce

Social Issues of E-Commerce Social Issues of E-Commerce Nowadays, the internet has created a new function called e-commerce. E-commerce is commonly known as electronic commerce and now already become a virtual main street of the world. It is essentially cover all the activities on internet and induce the customer to purchase the product over the internet. Thus, it is another way to running their own business over the internet and it used to selling and buying the product over the internet with other business man and customer on other state. E-Commerce is a good way to do their business because it can enlarge their business to whole world so that they can do their business bigger and makes more money in future. Besides that, it also can let more people know more about their product by seeing the picture of product that they upload and the details of the product that they list out on internet. Other than selling and buying product over the internet on e-commerce, it also have another function on e-commerce called supply chain management, e lectronic data interchange (EDI), electronic funds transfer, inventory management, online transaction processing, and data collection systems to make it more easy for business man for selling their product. I choose this subject to discuss their issues because e-commerce is the most popular on the internet and it has been become a virtual main street of the world. Besides that, it also has many issues for us to discuss so I decide to choose this subject to discuss. First, I will discuss the issues for e-commerce is security privacy. It is the most important issues for e-commerce because without security privacy, the customer will scared get cheated by the seller. For example, the customer will scared the seller products whether is good or bad because they just saw the picture of the product over the internet so the customer dont know whether the product are good or bad so they scared the seller will post up a bad thing to sell at internet. Another example is scared after the customer transfer the money to the seller then they wont send the product to the customer. Other than this 2 example, there still have another example is the customer dont know the actual price at marketing and t he seller just simply set up the price and did not follow the marketing price to gain their profit more than market price such as double or triple from the market price. These 3 examples will be the impacts of society because if the seller fraud the buyer then the society will become lower standard. Moreover, the impacts of IT industry is the buyer will not visit the web-sites again to purchase their products so that it will affect IT department said that e-commerce is not good in use on internet to do business because the buyer get cheat by the seller and they wont online to purchase the products again and they would rather buy the products on marketing by finding the products themselves. Besides that, there still have other issues of e-commerce. The second issues that I will discuss are shipping issues. Shipping issues means that when the buyer buys a product from the seller and the seller is from other state then they should use shipping to send the products to the buyer so that it can arrive to the place of buyer stay. In shipping, there need to have a good data management means that the seller need to manage the data securely such as addresses of buyer, names of buyer, credit card information of the buyer, and contact information of the buyer. They need to have a good management on this because if the seller never manage the data of the buyer securely and just simply write it down only then when they need to send the products to buyer after confirm all the transaction then only feel that some information already lost due to the paper that list out the buyer details cant find it out then it will become a shipping issues because without the information of the buyer then they cannot send the product to the buyer so when the buyer did not receive any products that they promise before with the date that the product will arrive to the buyer then the buyer will feel that they get cheat by the seller. Its very important because if the buyer feels they get cheat by seller then they wont go to that websites again to purchase the products. Besides that, for shipping fee, it is calculate with the weight of the products so after calculate the price out for shipping fee then it still need to add up the cost of the products so it will become a very high cost for the products compare with marketing price so it will cost highly if want to purchase the product over the internet and the seller are not stay in your country. These issues will affect the society become low standard if the buyer fell they get cheat by the seller and the buyer will think that mostly of the seller that stay at that country also same with him/her so their country will become low sta ndard. Besides that, these issues also will affect IT industry because the buyer will fell that although using internet to purchase a product is more easy but need to pay double or triple of the marketing price and they will they better buy themselves and not purchase though the internet so that it can saves more money compare with purchase online then the buyer will not use the internet again to purchase product so IT will become less people used for purchase products. Other than 2 issues above, there still have another issues called complexity of process. It means when the buyer want to purchase that such products then they need to follow their step to purchase a products from them such as register as a member of that website, fill up the agreement form, key in all your personal details, key in your credit card number and so forth. There have many step to follow if want to purchase a products over the internet. Although many step to do before purchase the products is for the best security privacy but the buyer will feel that the process of buying the products over the internet are complexity compare with buy a products outside. These issues also will be the same impacts to society and IT industry such as the society will become low standard and cannot progress to become better, and IT industry also will become not many people to use IT to purchase the products over the internet. Conclusion, after we discuss these all the issues for e-commerce, we already know that what is the impact of that all issues to society and IT industry so we need to learn from the issues so that we can make it better and improve the efficiency for e-commerce. First, we need to increase the security privacy such as build up a good impression for your website which is do not fraud people and so forth so that the buyer can trust your website when they want to purchase products. When the buyer trust your website then our society will become more high standard because nowadays they are using ecommerce to purchase products. Secondly, we need to decrease to shipping issue such as have a good data management so that the data wont get lost. Moreover, we also need to find out the economical ways to ensure that your products will arrive to the buyer with the time that you promise before and the shipment fee will not cost highly so that the buyer will always keep purchase products over the in ternet. When the buyer feel that shipment fee and product fee is a good cost and not cost highly then the buyer will keep purchase the products from your website so it can improve our society and also IT industry. Lastly, we need to reduce the step before purchase products such as we just ask the buyer to fill up his/her details that can contact his/her then uses email to verify again their details and then only send out the products to the buyer so that the buyer wont feel the process of purchase a product complexity and they also will always use internet to purchase the product so our society can become high standard and IT industry also will have a good feedback from user. After discuss how to reduce the issues of e-commerce, I believe that e-commerce will become more users friendly and will become a virtual main street of the world so they can purchase any products that they need over the internet. Reference wikinvest(2006), http://www.wikinvest.com/concept/E-Commercewebz, http://www.webz.com.my/ec.html goecart(2000), http://www.goecart.com/support/ecommerce-issues.aspx AllBusiness(1999), http://www.allbusiness.com/sales/internet-e-commerce/842-1.html EzineArticles(2009), http://ezinearticles.com/?General-eCommerce-Issuesid=182160

Foundations Of Education :: Teaching Education

Foundations Of Education Teaching Youth in a Foreign Country This Assignment was designed to deal with my teaching abilities and how I approach lessons, it is also designed to hopefully improve they way I teach a lesson. The lesson I prepared and taught opened up my eyes and helped me understand exactly where I need to improve. Even though this paper isn’t the particular assignment you gave me and I did not do this over the semester while being in this class, it does deal with the very essence of learning that you wanted us to experience. It is a lesson that I did try to design around your teachings that I learned in you class â€Å"Christian Education for Adolescents.† The lesson I prepared was for a youth group that was not very big in size but had a lot of heart for their beliefs. They were excited to hear an American share a testimony and to talk to them about God; you could see they were hungry to hear it. To start off my critiquing I first want to share with you that my teaching skills I have might not be the brightest of teaching skills, but I have noticed that I do know how to prepare a lesson now. Before last semester till now I didn’t even know where to start. Since my first class with you as my teacher I have learned an amazing thing about the form of teaching, this is the Hook, Book, Look, Took process. When I first heard that I was going to teach a youth group in Venezuela I didn’t know what I was going to do. At first I did not know what I was going to do, then, I remembered that I needed to do what you taught me to do, I was supposed to form a lesson off of the Hook, Book, Look, Took. This style of teaching saved me because I didn’t know what to do and it is formed in such way that it gives you a process to start from and a place to end, he only thing you got to do to get started is to find a subject. I got lucky because the Venezuelans I was teaching ne w English better than other Venezuelans. The thing about them I noticed is that people there liked to watch movies as much as people here do.